Intermittent Hypobaric Hypoxia Resists Collagen-Induced Arthritis In Rats By Promoting Cell Apoptosis
Keywords
Collagen-Induced Arthritis, Chronic Intermittent Hypobaric Hypoxia, Apoptosis, T Lymphocytes, Rat
Abstract
This article aims to study the effect of chronic intermittent hypobaric hypoxia (CIHH) on collagen-induced arthritis (CIA) in rats. Fifty male adult Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into 5 groups: CIHH pretreatment group (Pre-T), pretreatment control group (Pre-C), CIHH post-treatment group (Post-T), and post-treatment control group. (Post-C) and blank control group (Con). Pre-T and Post-T rats were treated with CIHH for 28 days at a simulated altitude of 3 000 m (pO2 = 108.8 mmHg, 14% O2) and 5 hours a day before CIA modeling and on the 12th day after the start of modeling; Pre -C and Post-C did not receive CIHH treatment, and CIA modeling treatment was the same as Pre-T and Post-T respectively; Con rats did not receive any treatment. The thickness of the rat’s hind paws was measured with a spiral micrometer, and the degree of arthritis was evaluated with the arthritis index (AI); the morphological changes of the ankle joint were observed with HE staining; the knee joint was detected with the in situ end labeling method (TUNEL). The apoptosis rate of joint synovial tissue cells; the apoptosis rate of spleen CD3+ T lymphocytes was detected by flow cytometry; the expression levels of Bcl-2 and Bax proteins in synovial cells and spleen lymphocytes were detected by immunohistochemistry SP method. The results showed: (1) The incidence of CIA in Pre-T rats was significantly lower than that of rats in Pre-C group (P < 0.05); the AI values of rats in Pre-T and Post-T groups were significantly lower than those of Pre-C and Post-T groups respectively. Rats in Post-C group (P < 0.05). (2) The synovial cells in the ankle joints of Pre-C and Post-C rats significantly proliferated, forming pannus, eroding cartilage and bone, and increasing infiltration of inflammatory cells; the pathological changes in the joint tissue of Pre-T and Post-T rats were significantly reduced. (3) The apoptosis rates of synovial cells and spleen lymphocytes in Pre-T and Post-T rats were significantly higher than those in Pre-C and Post-C rats (P < 0.05). (4) Compared with Pre-C and Post-C rats, the expression of Bcl-2 protein in synovial tissue cells and spleen lymphocytes of Pre-T and Post-T animals was significantly reduced (P < 0.05), while the expression of Bax protein was significantly lower than that of Pre-C and Post-C rats. Significantly increased (P < 0.05). The above results indicate that CIHH can promote apoptosis of joint synovial cells and lymphocytes by inhibiting Bcl-2 protein and enhancing Bax protein expression, thereby exerting an anti-CIA effect in rats. For further information of this article and research, feel free to contact our team for asssitance. Original research was done by Liu Aijing, Shi Min, Cui Fang, Zhang Yi, Li Jiao, Yang Jing, Cheng Ming, Ma Huijuan
About ETChem
ETChem, a reputable Chinese Collagen factory manufacturer and supplier, is renowned for producing, stocking, exporting, and delivering the highest quality collagens. They include marine collagen, fish collagen, bovine collagen, chicken collagen, type I collagen, type II collagen and type III collagen etc. Their offerings, characterized by a neutral taste, and instant solubility attributes, cater to a diverse range of industries. They serve nutraceutical, pharmaceutical, cosmeceutical, veterinary, as well as food and beverage finished product distributors, traders, and manufacturers across Europe, USA, Canada, Australia, Thailand, Japan, Korea, Brazil, and Chile, among others.
ETChem specialization includes exporting and delivering tailor-made collagen powder and finished collagen nutritional supplements. Their extensive product range covers sectors like Food and Beverage, Sports Nutrition, Weight Management, Dietary Supplements, Health and Wellness Products, ensuring comprehensive solutions to meet all your protein needs.
As a trusted company by leading global food and beverage brands and Fortune 500 companies, ETChem reinforces China’s reputation in the global arena. For more information or to sample their products, please contact them and email karen(at)et-chem.com today.
